A performance study of routing protocols for mobile grid environment

Integration of mobile wireless consumer devices into the Grid initially seems unlikely due to limitation such as CPU performance,small secondary storage, heightened battery consumption sensitivity and unreliable low-bandwidth communication. The current grid architecture and algorithm also do not take into account the mobile computing environment since mobile devices have not been seriously considered as valid computing resources or interfaces in grid communities. This paper presents the results of simulation done in identifying a suitable ad hoc routing protocol that can be used for the target grid application in mobile environment. The simulation comparing three ad hoc routing protocols named DSDV, DSR and AODV

The Impact of the Deconstructive Trend on the Deviations of Arab Modernists in Some Interpretations of the Holy Qur'an

This research on the impact of the deconstructive trend on the deviations of Arab modernists in some interpretations of the Holy Qur'an represents the latest findings of the minds of the European philosophers who are followed by these Arab modernists. The nature of the research necessitated that I divide it into a preface and two sections preceded by an introduction and followed by a conclusion, so I talked in the preface about the historical depth of the intellectual fertilization between the Arab nation and the West and its negative effects. In the first section, I talked about the deconstructive trend concept, while in the second section I dealt with procedural. Then I showed the deviation of their claims and the applications of this trend, which these modernists mentioned in the conclusion and results, with the references. My method of research was descriptive and analytical. Keywords: deconstruction, modernists, interpretation, trend, deviation

Young consumers’ intention towards future green purchasing in Malaysia

Green marketing is all about marketing products that are considered environmentally safe. It involves practicing a lot of activities related to product modification, product packaging, and even advertising. Green marketing also refers to holistic marketing concept in which it involves production, marketing, consumption and product disposal in a way that is less harmful to the environment. The purpose of this study is to examine the influence of price, time, knowledge, satisfaction, eco-label, and social influence on the intention of future green product purchasing among young Malaysian. The measurement of the factors is adopted from past studies for the following variables: price, time, knowledge, satisfaction, eco-label and social influence. The sample size of this study is 250 samples. This study used SPSS 15.0 to analyze the data. The results of this study showed that price, time, and social influence have a relationship with young consumers‟ intention to purchase green products, however knowledge, satisfaction, and eco-label had no influence, discussions of the analysis are provided in the stud

The effect of heparin on growth characteristics of transplanted spontaneously occurring C3H/HeJ mouse mammary tumor

Mouse mammary tumor is a common form of cancer used for experimental purposes. It is relatively resistant to chemotherapy. This investigation is designed to test the effect of heparin, a naturally occurring anticoagulant, on tumor growth using a genetically uniform laboratory animal

Terahertz Spoof Surface Plasmon Polariton Waveguides: A Comprehensive Model with Experimental Verification

Spoof surface plasmon polariton waveguides are perfect candidates to enable novel, miniaturized terahertz integrated systems, which will expedite the next-generation ultra-wideband communications, high-resolution imaging and spectroscopy applications. In this paper, we introduce, for the first time, a model for the effective dielectric constant, which is the most fundamental design parameter, of the terahertz spoof surface plasmon polariton waveguides. To verify the proposed model, we design, fabricate and measure several waveguides with different physical parameters for 0.25 to 0.3THz band. The measurement results show very good agreement with the simulations, having an average and a maximum error of 2.6% and 8.8%, respectively, achieving 10-to-30 times better accuracy than the previous approaches presented in the literature. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first-time investigation of the effective dielectric constant of the tera hertz spoof surface plasmon polariton waveguides, enabling accurate design of any passive component for the terahertz band.Turkish Academy of Sciences (TUBA GEBIP 2015

Stochastic heuristic approach to addition chain problem in PKC for efficiency and security effectiveness

This paper shows that stochastic heuristic approach for implicitly solving addition chain problem (ACP) in public-key cryptosystem (PKC) enhances the efficiency of the PKC and improves the security by blinding the multiplications/squaring operations involved against side-channel attack (SCA). We show that while the current practical heuristic approaches being deterministic expose the fixed pattern of the operations, using stochastic method blinds the pattern by being unpredictable and generating diffident pattern of operation for the same exponent at a different time. Thus, if the addition chain (AC) is generated implicitly every time the exponentiation operation is being made, needless for such approaches as padding by insertion of dummy operations and the operation is still totally secured against the SCA. Furthermore, we also show that the stochastic approaches, when carefully designed, further reduces the length of the operation than state-of-the-art practical methods for improving the efficiency. We demonstrated our investigation by implementing RSA cryptosystem using the stochastic approach and the results benchmarked with the existing current methods

Solitary skull metastasis as initial manifestation of hepatocellular carcinoma – a case report

Metastatic spread of tumors to the skull is quite unusual and often represents diagnostic and therapeutic issues. Skull involvement can be observed in various neoplasms of epithelial origin and are most often due to lung, breast, thyroid, kidney and prostate cancers. However, skull metastases from hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have been rarely reported. The prognosis for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma is so poor that treatment of such distant metastatic lesion cannot be achieved before death occurs due to the primary malignancy. Therefore, the clinical manifestations of cranial metastasis prior to that of primary hepatocellular carcinoma have rarely been reported. This case illustrates a rare case of skull metastasis as an initial manifestation of hepatocellular carcinoma. Although a solitary skull metastasis prior to the diagnosis of HCC demonstrates rare metastatic behavior for HCC, especially in Asia, skull metastases from HCC should be included in the differential diagnosis of skull tumors, even if the patient is asymptomatic of liver cirrhosis

On the Ethicality of Islamic Banking’s Business Model

This paper scrutinizes the ethicality of Islamic banks’ (IBs’) business model by employing the ‘objectives of Islamic law’ (Maqāsid al-Sharī’ah). This necessitates developing an ethical framework to construe two primary injunctions of Islamic finance, namely ribā and gharar. The former embodies financial decoupling and unjust price gouging, while the latter involves asymmetric information and excessive risk-taking behavior. We empirically and theoretically illustrate that these unethical issues are still prevalent in the IBs’ modes of financing, despite the Sharī’ah-compliant endorsement of religious scholars (i.e., Sharī’ah Supervisory Boards). This affirms that ethicality is merely an impression management exercise of IBs instead of their true business identity. The way forward is to conceptualize IBs’ modes of financing beyond just Sharī’ah compliance by scrutinizing their ethical impact on society at large. This would require updating centuries old Islamic rulings (Fatāwā) on financial transactions and consulting finance academics and practitioners

Effect of Modulus of Bituminous Layers and Utilization of Capping Layer on Weak Pavement Subgrades

The majority of the world’s highways consist of a flexible pavement commonly built of several layers (both asphaltic and granular) that have been laid over a pavement foundation known as the subgrade. A subgrade that is considered to be of a satisfying bearing capacity is expected to restrict not only the immediate distresses occurring during the construction phases, but also later deformations appearing during the service life of the pavement as it subjected to traffic loads. If the subgrade proves to be structurally weak, the highway’s flexible pavement can be supported by adding such modifications as a capping layer, which serves to greatly reduce the stress being applied to the pavement. This study aims to further our knowledge about maximum pavement functionality by investigating those parameters considered crucial to pavement design: the correspondence of material properties, the number of layers, and the layer thickness. These parameters were analyzed to determine the best performing composition, while also considering the financial aspects of road construction. To achieve such an aim, we chose to use KENLAYER software to assist us in determining the design of a flexible pavement in line with a specific Equivalent Single Axle Load (ESAL). The KENLAYER configuration provided us with the required ESAL targets for specific design lives. We next calculated the relative costs of these targets and chose those that proved to be most cost-effective and economical. The results indicate that when considering feasible pavements to meet a design of high ESAL applications, those utilizing high modulus asphaltic materials are most suitable for subgrade CBR of at least 3%, while weaker subgrade constructions must be provided with a capping layer